Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not prod . This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This entry identifies the beginning and ending months for a country's accounting period of 12 months, which often is the calendar year but which may begin in any month. This entry furnishes the annual percent change in consumer prices compared with the previous year's consumer prices. The elections subfield includes the dates of the last election and next election. It is also useful in understanding, past, present, and future fertility trends, especially in developing countries. . Note that boundary representations on these maps are not necessarily authoritative. The area that is now the Central African Republic has been settled for at least 8,000 years. This entry is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. A rich and varied birdlife—in addition to many varieties of snakes, bats, and insects, including many colourful butterflies and moths—makes the territory zoologically one of the most distinctive in Africa. Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For those countries without available data, languages are listed in rank order based on prevalence, starting with the most-spoken language. . Although most anthems contain lyrics, some do not. This entry gives the total number of airports with unpaved runways (grass, dirt, sand, or gravel surfaces) by length. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing j . . This entry measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity by using renewable energy sources other than hydroelectric (including, for example, wind, waves, solar, and geothermal), expressed as a share of the country's total generating capacity. The smaller entities are compared with Washington, DC (178 sq km, 69 sq mi) or The Mall in Washington, DC (0.59 sq km, 0.23 sq mi, 146 acres). . . . . See the entry for "Age structure" for the importance of a young versus an older age structure and, by implication, a low versus a high . . CARâs high mortality rate and low life expectancy are attributed to elevated rates of preventable and treatable diseases (including malaria and malnutrition), an inadequate health care system, precarious food security, and armed conflict. This entry gives the total number of fixed telephone lines in use, as well as the number of subscriptions per 100 inhabitants. . The first subfield, number of registered air carriers, indicates the total number of air carriers registered with the countryâs national aviation authority and issued an air operator certificate as required by the Convention on International Civil Aviation. Professor of Sociology and Anthropology, St. This entry is the total imported electricity in kilowatt-hours. The UN has urged countries to refrain from repatriating CAR refugees amid the heightened lawlessness. Our response will occur via a secure method. The capital, Bangui, is situated on the southern boundary, formed by the Ubangi River, a tributary of the Congo River. The country is well supplied with waterways. . National estimates of the percentage of the population falling below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub-groups, with the results weighted by the number of people in each group. . References to other situations involving borders or frontiers may also be included, such as resource disputes, geopolitical questions, or irredentist issues; however, inclusion does not necessarily constitute . The remaining two-thirds of the terrain drains southward into the Ubangi River, which forms the Central African Republic’s southern border with Congo (Kinshasa). The birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. Electrification â total population is the percent of a countryâs total population with access to electricity, electrification â urban areas is the percent of a countryâs urban population w . A 10-kilowatt (kW) generator will produce 10 kilowatt hours (kWh) of electricity, if it runs continuously for one hour. . Some of the topics addressed are population age structure, fertility, health, mortality, poverty, education, and migration. . This entry is the total amount of crude oil exported, in barrels per day (bbl/day). Colonial administrators favoured some ethnic groups over others, resulting in political rivalries that persisted after independence in 1960. Office of Public Affairs This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. Note that not all airports have accommodations for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control. Article 20 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention), signed in 1944, requires that all aircraft engaged in international air navigation bear appropriate nationality marks. Rivers contain many species of fish, crocodiles, and hippopotamuses. Once-numerous black rhinoceroses are now rare, the victims of overhunting. If you know of an imminent threat to a location inside the U.S., immediately contact The core characteristics and beliefs of the world's major religions are described below. This entry provides information about access to improved or unimproved drinking water sources available to segments of the population of a country. Improved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: piped water into dwelling, yard, or plot; public tap or standpipe; tubewell or borehole; protected dug well; protected spring; or rainwater collection. Unimproved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: unprotected dug well; unprotected spring; cart with small tank or . The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. The growth rates are year-over-year, and not compounded. The quality of surveys is improving with time, yet caution is still necessary in making inter-country comparisons. Please note we have no control over the security and reliability of postal mail. It is the language of colonialism and is most often used by government agencies. An excess of persons entering the country is referred to as net immigration (e.g., 3.56 migrants/1,000 population); an excess of persons leaving the country as net emigration (e.g., -9.26 migrants/1,000 population). . This entry gives the total length of the boundary between the land area (including islands) and the sea. A moist savanna climate prevails in the north and an equatorial forest zone in the south. provide, including your identity, and our interactions with you will be respectful and Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Countries with high budget deficits (relat . This entry contains a brief description of the topography. residency requirement for naturalization: This entry gives the age at enfranchisement and whether the right to vote is universal or restricted. For airports with more than one runway, only the longest runway is included according to the following five groups - (1) over 3,047 m (over 10,000 ft), (2) 2,438 to 3,047 m (8,000 to 10,000 ft), (3) 1,524 to 2,437 m (5,000 to 8,000 ft), (4) 914 to 1,523 m (3,000 to 5,000 ft), and (5) under 914 m (under 3,000 ft). French is the dominant language in the area. are not included. Most ports service multiple classes of vessels including bulk carriers (dry and liquid), break bulk cargoes (goods loaded individually in bags, boxes, crates, or drums; sometimes palletized), containers, roll-on/roll-off, and passenger ships. Definitions of the major governmental terms are as follows. The World Health Organization estimates that f . By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Estimates report that all of the children (under 18 years of age) in Bangui, the capital, speak Sangho as a native language. This entry lists a country's mineral, petroleum, hydropower, and other resources of commercial importance, such as rare earth elements (REEs). As fertility leve . Agreements are listed in alphabetical order by the abbreviated form of the full name. A rate of two children per woman is considered the replaceme . This entry includes a definition of literacy and UNESCO's percentage estimates for populations aged 15 years and over, including total population, males, and females. Its main exports are diamonds, timber, cotton, and coffee. This entry includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. . Most entities are compared with the entire US or one of the 50 states based on area measurements (1990 revised) provided by the US Bureau of the Census. the Central African Armed Forces (FACA) have an estimated 8,000 Army troops (including an Air Service component of about 150) and 1,500 Gendarmerie, periodic skirmishes persist over water and grazing rights among related pastoral populations along the border with southern Sudan. A nation's GDP at official exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The French language belongs to the Indo-European language family and uses the same Latin alphabet as English. This entry is the country's total output of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day). National anthems can be officially recognized as a national song by a country's constitution or by an enacted law, or simply by tradition. The growth rate is a factor in determining how great a burden would be imposed on a country by the changing needs of its people for infrastructure (e.g., schools, hospitals, housing, roads), resources (e.g., food, water, electricity), and jobs. For the other countries, the date given may not represent "independence" in the strict sense, but rather some significant nationhood event such as the traditional founding date or the date of unification, federation, confederation, establishment, fundamental change in the form of government, or state succession. This entry includes a brief description of typical weather regimes throughout the year; in the Word entry only, it includes four subfields that describe climate extremes:ten driest places on earth (average annual precipitation) describes the annual average precipitation measured in both millimeters and inches for selected countries with climate extremes. This entry lists major infectious diseases likely to be encountered in countries where the risk of such diseases is assessed to be very high as compared to the United States. Devastated by years of conflict, the impact of which persists, it faces both structural and economic challenges. slightly smaller than Texas; about four times the size of Georgia, note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected, note: animistic beliefs and practices strongly influence the Christian majority. The legal systems of nearly all countries are generally modeled upon elements of five main types: civil law (including French law, the Napoleonic Code, Roman law, Roman-Dutch law, and Spanish law); common law (including United State law); customary law; mixed or pluralistic law; and religious law (including Islamic law). CIA or go to a U.S. Embassy or Consulate and ask for the information to be passed to a For threats outside the U.S., contact . The International Labor Organization (ILO), the UN agency charged with addressing labor standards, employment, and social protection issues, estimated in 2011 that 20.9 million people worldwide were victims of forced labor, bonded labor, forced child labor, sexual servitude, and involuntary servitude. 14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture), 2 economic prefectures* (prefectures economiques, singular - prefecture economique), and 1 commune**; Bamingui-Bangoran, Bangui**, Basse-Kotto, Haute-Kotto, Haut-Mbomou, Kemo, Lobaye, Mambere-Kadei, Mbomou, Nana-Grebizi*, Nana-Mambere, Ombella-Mpoko, Ouaka, Ouham, Ouham-Pende, Sangha-Mbaere*, Vakaga, civil law system based on the French model, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, Action Party for Development or PAD [El Hadj Laurent NGON-BABA], ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, EITI (compliant country) (suspended), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIC (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, Ambassador Martial NDOUBOU (since 17 September 2018), elephant; national colors: blue, white, green, yellow, red, cotton, coffee, tobacco, cassava (manioc, tapioca), yams, millet, corn, bananas; timber, gold and diamond mining, logging, brewing, sugar refining, France 31.2%, Burundi 16.2%, China 12.5%, Cameroon 9.6%, Austria 7.8%, food, textiles, petroleum products, machinery, electrical equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, France 17.1%, US 12.3%, India 11.5%, China 8.2%, South Africa 7.4%, Japan 5.8%, Italy 5.1%, Cameroon 4.9%, Netherlands 4.6%, Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -, government-owned network, Radiodiffusion Television Centrafricaine, provides limited domestic TV broadcasting; state-owned radio network is supplemented by a small number of privately owned broadcast stations as well as a few community radio stations; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are available, Central African Armed Forces (Forces Armees Centrafricaines, FACA): Ground Forces (includes Military Air Service), General Directorate of Gendarmerie Inspection (DGIG); National Police, the FACA is armed mostly with second-hand equipment donated by Russia; since 2010, it has received limited quantities of second-hand equipment from China and Ukraine as aid, 18 years of age for military service; no conscription, the FACA is currently assessed as unable to provide adequate internal security for the country; the military was dissolved following the 2013 rebel seizure of the government and has struggled to rebuild in the years of instability since; France, Russia, the UN, and the European Union are providing various levels of security assistance, Prepublication Classification Review Board, Freedom of Information Act Electronic Reading Room.
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